Unit 30 M2

Unit 30 D2

There are different types of file format that are used when saving an image. The type of file format depends on the specific image, and some images require different file formats because of the size of them. Bitmap is a file format that is used for larger images rather than smaller ones,  this is because bitmap stores every small pixel that is in the image which makes the image have good clarity, however the file size is bigger than a normal file.  Another file format is a GIF. GIF is a type of Bitmap file however is mainly an animation.  The file size of the GIF’s is good, as they stay at a reasonable size, this is because of the limit of colours that is allowed to be used. JPEG is another file format that is commonly used as it is used for pictures. When an image is saved as a JPEG the image can become pixelated when stretched which lowers the quality of the image.

Compression techniques are when an image is compressed to have a lower file size. There is two different compression techniques, these include lossy compression and lossless compression. Lossy compression is when the compression of an image makes it pixelate in order to make the file smaller. This is because the file can be used more efficiently when it is at a lower size. Lossless is when you compress the file and expect it to be the same as before. This is when the output is needed to be a better quality, this is used when a file is an important document such as a legal document.

Image resolution is the number of pixels that a device can handle. Different devices can handle a different amount of pixels. The pixels are captured by height and length, and then multiplied together, this shows how many pixels a device can handle. The more pixels a device can handle the more clearly the images will be, However depending on the device depends on how you can save the images. If the device can handle a lot of pixels but has hardly any memory, then you will need a memory stick, or to make some more room. As the more the pixels the larger the file size.

Colour depth is the number of bits used to indicate the colour of a single pixel.  Depending on the bits depends on how defined the colour is going to be. If there is more bits then more shades of colours can be produced, this will make the quality of an image higher, as the colour will be more defined then if there was less bits. The more the colour is defined and enhanced the larger the file will become due to the more pixels that it has to use for the colour depth.

Unit 30 D1

There are developments going on in lots of technical machines nowadays, especially things to do with I.T, there are developments going on for Vinyl cutters and laser cutters to make signage a lot better. This is something that is good to develop because there are lots of signs such as direction signs and symbols that are always needed, and when they are developing on these sorts of things, it makes it easier for us to understand and use in our everyday way of living. Vinyl cutters and laser cutters are really good for signage, they make everything nice and bold so everyone can understand and it can cut to basically any size.

There are other ongoing developments in printing techniques such as Inkjet & wide format printing for bitmap displays and posters. In the development of this, they have brought out a FUJI-FILM technology group; this includes chemical technology and image processing technology to make the final image more professional and clear when it is being printed off. I think these developments are really good to improve on because if they aim to build an effective inkjet printer, then everything will combine together to make a high quality image. This will also make printing a lot easier because no one will have to worry about the quality of the image when it comes out the printer because it will be in such high quality. 

Laser printer for leaflets and flyers is also a printing technique that is being developed on all the time. Some would say that this way of printing is better than inkjet printing because laser printer is a digital printer which produces specifically high quality printing. Making developments in this printing technique will be really useful because it is quicker than inkjet printing and is cheaper in the long run. Also the sizes that laser printing can cut out in are larger than other printing techniques so this would be very useful to improve on.

I think all of these techniques have affected the creation of graphics because it allows us to do more things and create more images on larger items. Without all of these techniques, we wouldn't be able to make things such as a road signs. Technology keeps getting better each year, so having these printing/output techniques on the go all the time will make sure that we can keep creating more graphics. 

3D printing has also developed. 3D printing is a process where three-dimensional solid objects are made from a digital model. The process has been around for a while in different industries, however the development has been the quality of the way it works. To save a large format image it has to be saved as a very high resolution file so that it doesn't lose quality. 3D printing uses a computer design package or via 3D scanner.

Unit 30 P5

Unit 30 P6

There are quite a few legal pitfalls in using and editing graphics. Firstly all graphic images are made by someone and the creators of an image or piece of work will have some sort of protection and this is called Copyright. Copyright is used by creators to prevent someone using their work then claiming that it's theirs. Having this protection of copyright is useful for the creators of the images because it doesn't allow anyone to use their images and work on them without their permission. People have to be aware of this when editing graphics because they could be using somebodies work which could be against the law. If anyone is caught doing something like this then they would have to face something serious. Plagiarism is a problem basically caused by the user of the image because it just shows that they haven’t got it properly protected, because if they did no one would be able to use it and edit it.
If you break the copyright law by using and editing a graphic image when not allowed, the owner of the image is allowed to sue you, and this normally ends up in the person paying a fine, it mostly depends on what damage you have done to the person's work and how much success you have got from it, because in some cases the person who has broken the copyright law can face a prison sentence of a maximum of 10 years, or even a big fine.

Trade mark law in the UK provides protection for the use of trade marks in the UK. A trade mark is a way for one party to distinguish themselves from another. In the business world, a trade mark provides a product or organisation with an identity which cannot be imitated by its competitors.A trade mark can be a name, word, phrase, logo, symbol, design, image, sound, shape, signature or any combination of these things. If you use an identical or similar trade mark for identical or similar goods and services to a registered trade mark - you may be infringing the registered mark if your use creates a likelihood of confusion on the part of the public. This includes the case where because of the similarities between the marks the public are led to the mistaken belief that the trade marks, although different, identify the goods or services of one and the same trader
Intellectual property is a legal concept that is granted to creators of intellectual things and gives them exclusive rights that are recognised. Most of this includes musical, literary and artistic pieces, this means the creators have exclusive rights to their creation. It is also used for discoveries that are made and inventions, in some cases it is used for creators of words and symbols, but they all connect to copy right and trademarks. This law was put in place so creators get recognition for the work that they have done.